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Salvador Allende was a politician who co-founded Chile's Socialist Party and ran for the Chilean presidency several times before winning the election. His regime was supported by working-class constituencies, but was opposed in covert actions by U. President Richard Nixon. Following a military coup led by General Augusto Pinochet, Allende took his own life on September 11, In his youth, Allende was influenced by an anarchist shoemaker, Juan De Marchi, who promoted revolution and radical politics.

Allende was arrested multiple times while he was a student at the University of Chile for protesting against the government. After receiving his medical degree in , he co-founded Chile's Socialist Party. Allende was elected to the Chamber of Deputies in , and eventually served as minister of health. During this time, he helped implement such social reforms as higher pensions, a free school lunch program and safety laws for factory workers.

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Allende was elected to the Chilean Senate four times from to Early on, he declared his commitment to Marxism and his desire to promote a socialist Chile. In the Senate, Allende consistently defended the interests of the working class and attacked capitalism and imperialism, siding with the Cuban Revolution. During this time, Allende also ran for president unsuccessfully in , and , before finally winning in When Allende took office, Chile was enduring a severe economic crisis.

Unemployment was high and an estimated half of the country's children under the age of 15 were suffering from malnutrition.